Wayne Shorter · 1964 · C minor · AABA, 50 bars
A minor chord rocking against the major seventh a half step above it: the Phrygian colour of the flat second, held long enough to become the identity of the piece rather than a passing chord.
Analyzed excerpt
Section: A1 · Bars 1–4
Cm7 | Dbmaj7 | Cm7 | Dbmaj7
Every one of these tunes is assembled out of the same handful of harmonic resources. Jazz Harmony is those resources, explained in the order in which they build on each other.
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The whole form, not just these bars: JamShed’s trio — double bass, drums and piano — plays it with you at the tempo and in the key you choose. Loop the bars that trip you up, mute the instrument you play, share the link.
Read in C minor, the key of the tune. Taken on its own, with nothing around it, this excerpt is just as easy to hear in Ab major — a few bars are often not enough to fix a tonic, and that ambiguity is a real property of the music rather than a gap in the analysis.
| Chord | Roman numeral | Function | What it is doing | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cm7 | i | Tonic | Cm7 is the tonic of Cm. It is where the progression is at rest. | High |
| Dbmaj7 | bII | Other | Dbmaj7 does not take a functional role in Cm. It sits on bII and is best heard as colour, or as a sign that the tonal center has moved. | Low |
| Cm7 | i | Tonic | Cm7 is the tonic of Cm. It is where the progression is at rest. | High |
| Dbmaj7 | bII | Other | Dbmaj7 does not take a functional role in Cm. It sits on bII and is best heard as colour, or as a sign that the tonal center has moved. | Low |
High, medium and low next to each numeral are judgements about musical context, not probabilities. A low rating marks a bar that can honestly be read more than one way. How the ratings are decided →
The complete analysis of Speak No Evil — every chord of the whole form, with its Roman numeral and its ii–V–Is marked on the chart — is in JamShed with the Practice Pass, ready to print. Open it in JamShed →
Against a tonic of C minor the passage numbers as i – bII. Inside those 4 chords there is a chord borrowed from the parallel mode. With no dominant anywhere in it, nothing is obliged to resolve. Hold each chord until you find the note that still wants to go somewhere — that one is doing the work here. Once you can hear it here, it is hard to miss in Blues for Alice, All Blues and So What.
AABA with long A sections built on the excerpt’s two chords, C minor and D♭ major seventh, followed by a chromatic descent of minor seventh chords and two bars of A7alt against B♭ minor. The bridge breaks the minor colour with a slow run of chords moving down by half steps, ending on a D-over-E♭ upper structure and D♭ major seventh with a sharp eleven. Little of it behaves like functional harmony; it is colour moving against colour.
The title track of Wayne Shorter’s 1964 Blue Note album, recorded while he was in the Miles Davis quintet, with Herbie Hancock, Ron Carter and Elvin Jones. It is one of the pieces that defined the mid-sixties Blue Note sound, and one of the most played of Shorter’s compositions.
Load the progression and start altering it. Every edit is re-read from scratch, so you can test a hunch about one chord without rewriting the rest.
What this device is, and the other standards in the library that use it.
Read →Charlie Parker · 1951 · F major
Chord progression →Miles Davis · 1959 · G major
Chord progression →Miles Davis · 1959 · D dorian / E♭ dorian
Chord progression →The families every standard is assembled from, with examples from the library.
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